Assessment 1

1. Mitch and his work crew have arrived on-site. Their work task for the day is to set out and construct box eaves. What critical tasks must they do before they commence? Outline 4 tasks

• There should be a review of work instructions, plans and specifications
• There should be safety checks at Workplace and also relevant checks should be conducted at workplace
• There should be correct selection of tools
• Material that is required for eaves construction should be calculated

2. Use the scale indicated on the plan to determine the length of the front of the house

10.8 cm scale is 1:100 is the front length

Front of house length is 10.8m

3. What is the product used for?

For the usage on internal/external wall linings and soffits, Fibrecement sheets are used

4. What are the potential hazards related to fibre cement sheets?

Ingestion: nausea, vomiting and irritation is the gastrointestinal tract is the result of swallowing. Eye contact: discomfort can be caused due to exposure to the dust it can cause irritation to the eyes.

5. How do you determine the length at which rafter tails should be cut?

If you’re framing a gable roof on a new house, or building a shed or even a doghouse with a gable roof, you’ll need to cut a number of roof rafters. The roof rafters provide integral structural support to the roof. Before you cut your boards, you’ll need to measure the width of your building and calculate the exact length of each rafter. When you cut the rafters, you’ll need to make 3 separate cuts: the ridge cut (also called the plumb cut) at the top of the rafter, the birdsmouth cut (which itself comprises 2 different cuts) where the rafter meets the building’s wall, and the tail cut, at the base of the rafter.

6. What is the best way for an organisation to promote workplace OHS/WHS policies and procedures to employees? What should an employee do if they are unsure of their work instructions?

Make sure that there is healthy and safe environment at workplace for everyone. When coupling with direct services is the most effective way when developing the long term strategies in the organisation. There should be communication with the supervisor if one is not sure about the work instructions.

7. How should dust generated from fibre cement sheets be cleaned up?

For cleaning up the dust and waste, wet sweeping and vacuuming can be used.

Use wet sweeping and/or vacuuming to clean up dust and waste. Bagged waste should be placed in containers and disposed of with other construction waste in accordance with local authority guidelines

8. The task of constructing eaves presents risks such as working at heights hazards. What safety measures and PPE should be adopted? List 4.

Following safety measures and PPE can be adopted:

• Hard hat
• Safety boots
• Fall safe zone
• Barricades

9. What 18 tools and equipment are used in the construction of most standard boxed eaves with cement sheet soffit?

Following are the tools that are used in the construction of standard boxed eaves:

1. Air compressors and hoses
2. Bevels
3. Chisels
4. Hammers
5. Hand saws
6. Marking equipment
7. Measuring tapes and rules
8. Nail bags
9. Nail guns
10. Power drills
11. Power saws and power leads
12. Protractors
13. Saw tools
14. Scaffolding
15. Spirit levels
16. Squares
17. Stair clips and tables
18. Steel squares and fence

10. Why are nail guns more suitable for fixing eave framing timbers than hand nailing?

1)  The advantage of nail guns is that it does not require much effort to put on a roof.

2)  No Smashed Fingers is with hand nailing and can be avoided with nail guns.

3)  The another advantage is accuracy and uniformity

4)  For reducing the amount of time, nail guns are used.

11. How do you determine the number of fibre cement sheets required for eaves lining?

Eaves sheets that are required to work out the length that covers the particular width should be calculated.

12. How should flammable and hazardous substances be stored?

It should be stored in flammable storage cabinet. Highly volatile flammable liquids should be stored in an explosion proof refrigerator. Until it is not modified, don’t store the flammable liquids in refrigerators.

13. What is the thickness of a standard fibre cement eave sheet suitable for using as soffit for an eave overhang of 450mm?

4.5 mm is the standard thickness

14. Describe the safe handling practices of fibre cement sheets.

During the processing and handling, the crystalline silica dust is generated. Appropriate protective equipment should be used for reducing the exposure to the silica dust. By using the proper tools, dust can be kept at minimum.

For preventing skin and eye contamination protective equipment should be worn.

15. Detail the disposal requirements for fibre cement sheets.

Into the landfill site the fibre cement sheet should be disposed in accordance with the guidelines of the local authorities. For the prevention of the dust generation measure should be taken during the disposal and exposure.

16. What environmental regulations apply to construction sites? Give 4 examples.

Following are the examples of environmental regulations:

1972 Wildlife (Protection) Act

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1974, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

1981, Forest (Conservation) Act

1980 (Forest Act)

17. The Building Code of Australia confirms that a brick veneer wall with non-flammable eaves lining meets the ‘FRL’ rating of 60/60/60. What eaves lining is classed as ‘non-flammable’?

Cement sheet is classed as non-flammable

18. Define the following terms.

19. You are required to construct eaves for a new home project which has a pitched roof (not trussed), and with brick veneer walls. Describe the process to mark and cut the rafters, fit the fascia, construct the eaves framing, and fit the eave sheets.

• Measuring rafter overhang
• String line/plumb rafter feet
• Install fascia, allow for roof battens level across from fascia groove
• Chalk like the eaves frame
• Building and installation of eaves
• Fixing quad

20. Detail how a fascia is attached to the roof framing.

A fascia is fixed by two methods:

The first is direct nailing through timber fascia and the Second is screwing brackets on the side of the rafter tail. With the usage of special brackets metal fascia is installed. By overlapping the profile of first fascia, metal fascia is joined.

21. How is a barge different to a fascia?

Bargeboards and fascia boards are the same thing. They are long and straight board that runs along the lower edge of the roof. Fascia boards run horizontally and carry the gutters whereas Bargeboards runs diagonally.

22. If a fascia is timber, then it will be necessary to join it at some stage. What does this involve?

By cutting an angle of 45 degree, Joining is done. The angle is cut on the end of two pieces of fascia and then is together fixed with a piece of timber. With the fascia join, there will be always some movement for the join to open, the mitre should be set.

Review the detail drawings below, then answer questions 23 and 24

23. What is the length of the eave overhang?

The length of the eave is 450mm

24. What type of fascia is being installed?

Emline Fascia –fascia system is easy to use and the installation is fast. It is compatible with an extensive range of lysate gutter profiles. Spring clip in included in the system

25. Provide a description of the following techniques used to construct eaves.

Boxed eaves: Soffit bearers spanning is incorporated by the traditional method of boxed eaves. The spanning is between the fascia and the external wall of the building.

Simple spanning eaves: For narrow eaves, the simple spanning eaves are ideal, because fascia board groove supports the lining sheets

Raked eaves: Batten fixes support the Raked eaves sheets

26. Explain how framing is constructed to support the lining material. Include the material and tools that are used.

Construction frames are usually used to provide the support to the lining materials which means it also includes trimming as perfectly as possible. It also supports the fixing of the eave linings. This is usually done with the lighter section according to the size of all the material that is being used to constructions.

Framing Tools and Accessories-

• Cutting Mats
• Mat Cutters
• Gold Leaf and Metal Leaf
• Point Drivers and Framing Points
• Frame Glazing Materials and Tools
• Sanders and Sandpaper
• Framing Glue and Adhesives
• Mitre Boxes and Mitre Saws

27. What components does the framework for a boxed gable consist of?

The framing parts of the gable can be listed as follows:

• Plumb Cut is the framing part of the gable
• Another is Collar Tie
• Ceiling Joist is also the framing part
• Fourth is Double Top Plates
• Birdsmouth Cut is the fifth one that is the framing part of gable
• And, Tail Cut

28. If the eaves framing sits above the top brick of a brick veneer wall, how much ‘gap’ should be left between these two components to allow for frame settlement?

Gap of 15mm

29. When trimming on a brick or masonry-veneer building that has timber wall frames, there needs to be an allowance made for the shrinkage that will occur within the wall and floor framing (unless the floor is a concrete slab). In a masonry-veneer building, what allowance needs to be provided between the soffit bearer and the top of the masonry?

Between the undersides of the eaves a clearance of 12 mm minimum should be allowed.

30. When the barge board has been attached and the groove on the inside bottom of the barge has been fitted under the verge rafter, you need to ensure that framing is in place to support the raked eaves lining material. What does this generally involve?

Trimming the side of the gable so that there is support against the building.

31. Discuss how fibre-cement sheets are fitted and fixed to the soffit.

1. More than 150 sheets should not be stacked. And don’t expose it in sunlight.
2. In the places that is marked ‘L’, hold the sheets.
3. There can be damage of sheets if the sheets are not stored properly.
4. Sheets should be carried lengthwise rather than width wise.
5. For roofing the distance should not be more than 1.40 meters between two purlins, and for side cladding the distance should be 1.70 meters.
6. Holes should not be made in the sheet by punching, holes should always be drilled.
7. From the edge of the sheet, the holes should be drilled 2.95 mm away.
8. Bolts should be put in crowns and not in valleys.
9. Through the second and the last sheet, the bolt should pass.
10. For working on the roof, the cat ladder should be used.

32. What is a fibro joining strip?

With the usage of fibro joining strips, the sheets are joined. In the last installed sheet, the plastic strips is fit.

33. Explain how the last fibre-cement sheet is fitted to the soffit.

Laying guide

There is a way in which cement roof sheet should be laid for minimising the damage. From the eaves, the fibre sheet should be laid, adjacent column should be laid on the opposite side of the roof, if the work is done on duo pitched roof.

Mitring

Corners of the roof should be mitred while fitting the roof sheets of the fibre cement. Cutting of corners of roof sheet is involved in Mitring roofing sheet for prevention the overlapping of roof sheets. Hand and power saw is used for clean cutting and straight line.

Pre-Drilling

Pre-drilling the fixing hole is important before the fixing of the fibre cement sheet. At each purlin, the fibre sheet should be fixed twice. 2mm larger hole than fixing should be drilled.

Including the sealing washer insert the fixing, once pre-drilled the hole. Make sure that the sealing washer is tightened for prevention of water ingress.

Make sure that fixing is not put through two layers of roofing sheet because there will be prevention of thermal movement, which will lead to the cracks in roof sheets

Overlap Sealing

Sealing of the overlaps with butyl strip is important on low pitched roofs. This will help in the prevention of ingress of wind-driven precipitation.

34. What mouldings are commonly used to cover the junction of eave sheet and brick wall?

QUAD MOULDING

35. Eave sheets for boxed eaves are supported by and fixed to eave framing. What are eave sheets fixed to on sloping eaves?

For underside of the rafter, the eave sheets are fixed. 6mm or thick villa board lining of 9mm should be used for eaves and soft lining. Similar surface to Versilux is provided for decorative finish. Flush jointing is allowed

36. How should the fibre cement sheets be stored?

Edges should be supported.Fibre cement sheeting should be kept dry. Sheets should be stacked flat and if necessary store the sheets outside.

37. At the completion of the eaves lining stage of the construction, the outside of the building is usually close to completion, so other trades such as painters can get started. How must you leave the site, before other trades arrive?

1)      The worksite should be clean and tidy

2)      Waste should be moved to the appropriate bin

3)      Thetools, plant and equipment should be cleaned, checked and stored

4)      For the other traders there should be adequate access and egress form site